Education reality Essay Example for Free

Training reality Essay Dealism Idealism is the powerful and epistemological principle that thoughts or contemplations make up essential reality. Essen? partner, it is any way of thinking which contends that the main thing really understandable is awareness (or the substance of cognizance), though we never can be certain that mama? er or anything in the outside world truly exists. In this manner, the main genuine articles are mental en es, not physical things (which exist just as in they are seen) Progressivism Progressivist accepts that singularity, progress, and change are key to ones educa? on. Accepting that individuals gain best from what they consider generally pertinent to their lives, progressivist fixates their educational programs on the requirements, encounters, interests, and abili? es of understudies. Progressivist instructors take a stab at making school interes? ng and valuable by arranging exercises that incite interest. In a progressivist school, understudies are air conditioning? vely learning. The understudies communicate with each other and create social quali? es, for example, coopera? on and resilience for dierent perspectives. Essen? alism It is an educa? onal reasoning whose disciples accept that youngsters ought to learn theâ tradi? onal fundamental subjects completely and thoroughly. In this philosophical way of thinking, the point is to ins? ll understudies with the essen? als of scholastic information, enac? ng a straightforward methodology. Essen? alism guarantees that the gathered shrewdness of our civiliza? on as instructed in the tradi? onal scholarly trains is given from instructor to understudy. Such trains may incorporate Reading, Wri? ng, Literature, Foreign Languages, History, Mathema? cs, Science, Art, and Music. Also, this tradi? onal approach is intended to prepare the psyche, advance thinking, andâ ensure a typical culture. Authenticity Realism, at its least difficult and generally broad, is the view that en es of a particular sort have an objec? ve reality, a reality that is totally ontologically free of our theoretical plans, linguis? c prac? ces, convictions, and so forth. In this manner, en es (counting unique ideas and universals just as increasingly solid items) have a presence free of the demonstration of percep? on, and free of their names. Reconstruc? onism Social Reconstruc? onism is a way of thinking that accentuates the tending to of social ques? ons andâ a mission to make a be? er society and overall majority rule government. Reconstruc? onist teachers center around an educational program that features social change as the point of educa? on. Existen? alism It depends on the view that people de3ne their own importance throughout everyday life, and attempt to make ra? onal choices in spite of exis? ng in an irra? onal universe. It centers around the ques? on of human presence, and the inclination that there is no reason or explana? on at the center of presence. It holds that, as there is no God or some other otherworldly power, the best way to counter thisâ nothingness (and thus to 3nd significance throughout everyday life) is by grasping presence. Pragma? sm Pragma? sm is a rejec? on of the possibility that the func? on of thought is to portray, speak to, or reflect reality. Rather, pragma? sts believe thought to be a result of the interac? on among life form and condition. In this manner, the func? on of thought is as an instrument or device for predic? on, air conditioning? on, and critical thinking. Pragma? sts battle that most philosophical topicsâ€, for example, the idea of information, language, ideas, which means, conviction, and scienceâ€are all best saw as far as their prac?â cal uses and victories as opposed to as far as representa? ve precision Perennialism Believe that one should show the things that one regards to be of everlas? ng per? nence to all individuals all over. They accept that the most significant themes build up an individual. Since subtleties of reality change continually, these can't be the most significant. Subsequently, one should show standards, not realities. Since individuals are human, one should show 3rst people, not machines or strategies. Since individuals are individuals 3rst, and laborers second if by any stretch of the imagination, one should show liberal subjects 3rst, not voca? onal subjects.

Started Early - Took My Dog, by Emily Dickinson :: essays research papers

Begun Early-Took My Dog, by Emily Dickinson Self destruction was not a broadly talked about subject in the 1800's despite the fact that, it regularly showed up as a topic in numerous scholarly works of that time. The activity of slaughtering one's self is certainly not a grouped mental issue, however there are numerous clutters where self destruction is the final product. This is the reason self destruction is an ordinary subject inside the mental field in present day society. The sonnet "I Started Early-Took My Dog," by Emily Dickinson, can be deciphered as making odd reference to a self destruction. Freud says, "Suicide is a reaction to misfortune (genuine or emblematic), however one in which the individual's distress and fierceness even with that misfortune are not vented yet stay oblivious, in this manner debilitating the ego."(Freud p.246). Dickinson utilizes a few components in her sonnet to relate this topic, for example, tone, symbolism and rhyme. It is told through the principal ind ividual perspective of an obscure speaker.      Dickinson starts the principal line of her sonnet by writing in versifying tetrameter. In the second line she changes to rhyming trimeter and continues to switch back and forth between the two. This rhyme plot ends up being especially compelling in praising the subject of the sonnet - the sea. At the point when a peruser takes a gander at the sonnet it is anything but difficult to see the lines protracting then shortening, nearly in a similar design that the tide of the sea streams and ebbs.                     I began Early-Took my Dog                     And visited the ocean                     The Mermaids in the Basement                     Came out to take a gander at me. (Dickinson 1-4) The coming and going activity of the content may represent the steady patterns of life. The way that the content subsides then prolongs in beat make the peruser think the speaker of the sonnet isn't sure what steps to take in their life. The speaker probably won't have persuaded oneself about the self destruction endeavor. Numerous self-destructive musings are avoided activity and afterward pondered later. Dickinson writes in this style to show the contradicting powers of each circumstance. Self destruction would almost certainly be the most mulled over choice the storyteller has ever needed to make.      Through allegories, the speaker broadcasts of her aching to be unified with the ocean. As she sees The mermaids in the basement,(3) and frigates-in the upper floor,(5) it appears just as she is partner these specific fantasies with her home. She gets spellbound with these exhibitions and begins to mull over self destruction.

10 Tips for Website Organization and Flow updated from 2009!

10 Tips for Website Organization and Flow â€" updated from 2009! I am almost ready to launch a new website for The Essay Expert, and I have learned a LOT along the way. I decided to write my blog on the topic, and, as a reference, went back to an article I wrote almost seven years ago about website organization and flow. I knew very little then, but did share a few important tips. While some things have changed, some things have stayed the same. Here is my updated list, and a preview of The Essay Expert’s new website! 1. Don’t have more than eight (8) top menu items in addition to the Home tab. With new menu formats, I’ve increased this number from six (6) in my original recommendation to eight (8). The menu items on my new site will be About, Testimonials, Services, DIY/eBooks, Media, Blog, FAQs, and Contact. They fit nicely and simply across the top menu. 2. You don’t have to make the top menu items clickable. This is a change in my opinion from years ago. I think people used to expect the menu items to be clickable. Now all you need is clickable dropdown items. 3. Make your logo (generally the top left corner of every page) a link to your home page. This is still a best practice. Do it! And don’t assume people know to click the logo to get to the home page. Put a Home tab on the top navigation too â€" you can use an icon of a house to save space. 4. Use creative solutions to help people navigate longer pages. While anchor links are an established option for helping users navigate, there are a lot more solutions available now. For instance, use tabs on a page to allow users to choose the category of information that interests them. I will be using this option on my Testimonials page, where users can click on tabs labeled Executive, Mid-Level, Entry-Level and Admissions to see testimonials relevant to that category of service. Another option is a pop-up window that provides information without lengthening the page. I will be using this option for items like “Where our clients have been admitted.” If you do choose anchor links, these links can look like buttons. Design them to be congruent with your site design! 5. Review your site regularly for broken links and fix or delete them. And for any broken links within your own site, create a unique 404 page. This advice will never change. Constantly check for broken links! For 404, I have created a page with a Mark Twain quotation! Here are some famously creative 404 pages for your reading pleasure. 6. Give your website viewers information about how the service or product works so they are educated before they buy, and before they call you. Here’s how I’m doing it on my new site: I’m also improving the descriptions of each of my services so site visitors understand what they will be getting when they make a purchase. 7. Don’t send people away from a page if you want them to purchase something on that page. On my new website, I offer a complete “Resume and LinkedIn Success Package” (see above) that I expect to be the most common product people purchase. I also so have “a la carte” options available. But I will not mention those items until the bottom of the page. Any buttons at the top of my executive services page will keep people on the page, either with a pop-up or a link to a service on the page itself. They will have to read through my most popular items before they find other options. 8. Whenever possible, offer a main product with optional add-ons. On my “old” (current) site, I have learned, there are way too many options to choose from and people get confused as to which service is best for them. In my effort to accommodate everyone, I went a bit overboard. The new site will offer one main package with add-ons. I’m excited to have created a streamlined experience for new customers! 9. Scatter testimonials throughout your website. People want to know what other people are saying about you. Personally, even if I don’t read the testimonials on a site, I want to know they are there. Make sure if you offer different products that the ones most relevant to each product are on that product page. Also offer the opportunity for people to write reviews directly on your site! On my new site, I will have testimonials on each page as well as a full page of testimonials for anyone who wants to read more. 10. Highlight certifications, awards, and media appearances. What qualifies you to do what you do? Put it up front and center to gain credibility and trust! There are many more recommendations and best practices for websites that I haven’t covered here. I’d love to hear your comments and suggestions. And stay tuned for the launch of The Essay Expert’s new website… coming soon!

Indonesia economy analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1439 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? INDONESIA ECONOMY ANALYSIS Indonesia is the fifth biggest country in the Asia and 19th in the world based on GDP growth1.It is rich in natural resources (minerals and fuel) and it owns a beautiful landscape to support its tourism. The weakness is in the Human Resources management and it resulted to low distribution of income. One of the alarms of Indonesia economy is in the year 2005. In 2005, world oil price became high and this made the burden on governments subsidy increased. This condition forced government to increase domestic oil price by 143 %. GDP as of the end of the year still grew impressively, but inflation and foreign exchange rate suffered the most. Inflation run 17.11 % and Rupiah depreciated toward most of strong currencies. Bank Indonesia raised the interest rate to 12.75 % to restrain the inflation and do an intervention to stabilize Rupiah. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Indonesia economy analysis" essay for you Create order Indonesia GDP is expanding year after year. It shows the upward trend which means that the growth of economy is well-developed. In the year 2008, Indonesia has met their expectation for the growth to 6.3%. It is accelerated by the rising price and demand for the nations coal, palm oil and rubber pushed exports to a record (Unditu, A. Ghosh, A., 2008). Increasing in the net exports will raise the GDP growth. It is reported that Indonesia has reached an unprecedented $12.9 billion or 16.1% exports in June 2008 as rising shipments to India and China (www.bloomberg.com). It is expected that Indonesias economy will grow around 5.5% year on year in the first quarter, helped by increasing consumer spending and lower inflation. Finance Minister of Indonesia, Sri Mulyani Indrawati is very optimistic about the future economy in Indonesia. She said that Indonesia can still maintain a quite healthy growth for this year. (Indrawati, S.M., 2009) She plans to spend more than 72 trillion rupiah on infrastructure to boost growth and create jobs. Indonesias economic growth will be forecasted to 5% for 2009, down from 6.3% in 2008. Morgan Stanley, Financial services firms, predicted that Indonesias economic growth may reach 7% by 2011. It is signaling the biggest economy in Southeast Asia. Stable political conditions despite the 2009 president elections and strong domestic demand despite the global economic downturn will help to push the economy towards its potential 6 to 7 percent growth from 2011 onwards (www.aseanaffairs.com). Therefore, Indonesia should use the momentum to gain a positive growth to attract investor to enter their market. Inflation in Indonesia is mostly influenced by foodstuff, housing construction, and prepared food. These three components are the biggest contribution (around 69% of the total CPI) in counting the inflation rate . In 2003, Indonesia ever experience deflation from 7.17% till 5.16%. This is because of the descent of price from those three components. But that condition hasnt taken forlong time, because it started to increase in 2004. The government has increased the interest rate till record as the highest interest rate in that year. Inflation continued and increased in 2005 due to the higher price of fuel oil. It is estimated that inflation in Indonesia will go up continuously due to the high price of food and petroleum price. By the year 2008, the inflation rates reached to 11.06%. It happened due to the global financial crisis. When inflation got high, the currency of rupiah became higher to other currencies. Every import products looks very expensive, because the price is increasing. Central bank governor Miranda Goeltom said on Sunday that Indonesias 2009 year-end inflation is likely to hit the lower end of the central banks forecast of 5-7 percent or around 6.2% due to anticipated ample food supply and lower oil price. Bank of Indonesia decided to decrease interest rate in the early of year 2002 in order to increase inflation. Therefore, it could relieved the expenditure of Indonesias budget because most of the obligation interest rate related to Bank of Indonesia interest rate. The increased in year 2005 was caused by a significant increased of inflation rate which was due to the hike of fuel price. The interest rate in year 2006 was declined because a slow pace of inflation,exchange rate of IDR was strenghthened, and Indonesia has a better position in term of loan. Interest rate was planned to be 7.5% for the next three months because Indonesia need more investment in order to keep their growth on 6%. Hence, hopefully Indonesia still has a better chance to create field work and reduce the percentage of poverty. Therefore, it can give a balance on the macroeconomic side. In the year 2007, BI has cut the interest rate to 8% due to the anticipation of increasing in inflation rate and economy in the near future. This decision is convinced to give a stimulus and keep the momentum of the development in Indonesia economic growth. It also concerned to the higher oil price at that time. The movement of interest rates slope is usually triggered by the movement of inflation rate. In the year 2008, the inflation rate increased to 11.06% so BI increased their rate again to 9.25%. (www.bi.go.id) BI has decided to cut the interest rate to 6.75 on June 2009 (Look at figure 5.3). This decision is concerned with the global financial crisis that happens till now. They did cut to facilitate of giving credit easily to stabilize the macro in order to keep on controlling well. In 2005, when inflation run high and oil price increased, the burden of oil subsidies gave its impact on Rupiah, and it was depreciated against US Dollar. Bank Indonesia took an action to do intervention in order to repress the volatility of Rupiah and it could regain to around 9,000 Rupiah per US Dollar. Since subprime mortgage happened in 2006, Indonesia foreign exchange rate showed a tendency to depreciate against US Dollar. But as of march 2008, Rupiah is strengthening to 9,200 because high oil and gold price made the value of US Dollar depreciated. However, this appreciation of Rupiah is not considerable because until April 2008, value of Rupiah remains stagnant toward US Dollar while in fact, US Dollar has already depreciated significantly against other currencies. But at the end of December, it was a turning point for USA. They got recession due to the credit crisis and collapse of the oil and commodity prices. The currency of US dollar suddenly appreciates around 13% compare to the year 2007. It is expected to depreciate again as long as the Indonesia can run the economy well and keep on stabilizing their economy condition. Euro is significantly strengthening against rupiah in 2005 because of high burden on government that resulted from high oil price. On August 6 bank indonesia cut its benchmark interest rate to bolster Rupiah and it is shown in 2006 where Rupiah gradually became stronger. Now, each Euro is traded more than 16,000 rupiah. Since the case of subprime mortgage happened, Euro is the currency that appreciated most against the US Dollar. With the condition that Indonesia is stagnant toward US Dollar, it will be likely for Rupiah to decrease against Euro in the future. Euro will grew 17.18% against rupiah for 2008, but it will decline 0.33% in 2009 to 16. 85% in 2009. Rupiah experienced the weakest value against Yen in 2005, where it reached 95 rupiah per Japanese Yen. The same reason for the three other currencies occur, that high inflation and large amount of government subsidy give significant impact on the weakening. For most times, Rupiah was traded around 80 Rupiah per Japanese Yen, but since 2007, it showed a tendency to depreciate. In relation to the weakening of US Dollar, Rupiah should not be depreciated against Yen. Eventhough it didnt mean that Rupiah should grew toward it, but in a stable condition and not showing some indication to fall. If we take a look on the above indices, Indonesias performance is good, GDP can still grow in a level of 6%. This implication starts from the same problem arose in 2005, because of high burden in the side of government, consumers confidence fall and currency was depreciated. An outlook stated that Rupiah will depreciate by 17.44% in 2008 but it will be able to gain for the next 3 years by a total of 14.05% . China Yuan is basically having a stable trend against Rupiah, as it moved in the level of 1,000 rupiah per Yuan. In 2005, when Indonesia experienced a high inflation, Rupiah is depreciated to the level of 1,200 but it bounced back to previous value in 2006. Now, in the midst of economy slowdown, Rupiah is gradually depreciated toward Yuan as it worth 1,623 Rupiah per Yuan as of December 31, 2008. Yuan will continue its appreciation against rupiah for the following year as quoted by eurobondonline and for 2009 it will have a gain by 10.74% and another 2.83% for the next 2 years. The growth of China that will be able to recover to its previous level in the future will be the main reason behind its appreciation.

The American Revolution Was A Time Of Uncertainty For The...

The American Revolution was a time of uncertainty for the population. Many of the Patriot supporters were afraid of what would happen if America was to lose the war. Many of the loyalist of Great Britain were attached both physically and mentally by the Patriots. It was another type of war going on in America, that had both sides trying to figure out the best way to support their cause. I believe that you had both pragmatic and anti-liberty type sentiments from people who opposed the war with England. In this essay we will look at some of these issues, you saw well thought out responses to questions or concerns about the conflict, some people were afraid of retribution from England if they lost, and some were scared that America could not†¦show more content†¦(Kim, 1993) There was a return of normalcy. Further brought on by the fact that, by the late 1770s and early 1780s people were appreciating economic and social freedoms. Eastern shore gentry reverted back to consensual values of the past, by finding the basis of their authority, and putting the knowledge into practice. The treatment of British loyalist (Tories) was abysmal and a major trend for this period. People were being attacked by mobs, anyone who had a different view other than that of the Patriots were not safe (Oliver, 1775). One such person who was treated in this manner was Peter Oliver himself. He was a Justice of the Peace at Middleborough, and was forced to sign an Obligation not to execute his office under the new Acts (Oliver, 1775). Straight resentment and name calling of the Patriots became a major trend in the period of the American revolution. Loyalist in the 1770s had had enough of their Patriot neighbors and that they were not at all happy with what was going on. They were turning America into a burning Hell (Cooper, 1775) by objecting to the enlightened rule of Great Britain. People thought that the Patriots were led by proud ignorant fanatics. With all this going on it was making people that opposed the movement against England to flee to get refuge on a British ship soon to leave for England (Cooper, 1775). The significance of these trends are huge.

Indigenous Disadvantage Free Essays

Working Effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Why are Indigenous people in Australia still disadvantaged with regard to health care and services? For the last 200 years Indigenous people have been victims of discrimination, prejudice and disadvantage. Poor education, poor living conditions and general poverty are still overwhelming issues for a large percentage of our people and we remain ‘as a group, the most poverty stricken sector of the working class’ in Australia (Cuthoys 1983). As a people, our rate of chronic disease is still 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Indigenous Disadvantage or any similar topic only for you Order Now times higher than that of other Australians, and Indigenous people in this country die 15 to 20 years younger than those in mainstream Australia. More than half of these figures are caused by chronic diseases such heart disease, stroke, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease and kidney disease. The majority of these chronic diseases are preventable and while research is continuing to find ways to reduce the risk factors, issues such as smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and promoting healthy eating and active lifestyles are still major challenges in Indigenous communities throughout Australia. Healthy living choices are not easy for people living in remote communities which results in a high incidence of preventable chronic disease. Good nutrition is fundamental to the maintenance of general wellbeing and the prevention of sickness and disease. It plays an imperative role in pregnancy and early childhood, prevents obesity and type 2 Diabetes and can lower the risk of recurrent heart disease by up to 70%. However, remote communities face many barriers to healthy eating, including isolation, the high cost of food, the variable supply of fresh food, lack of community town infrastructure and inadequate health promotion support, are just a few of these barriers that prevent community people from being able to make healthy living choices. Community programs in the Northern Territory aimed at building healthy communities are based on nutrition-related Menzies research and work to support community capacity to create a supportive environment for healthy eating and physical activity. These projects operate within the communities and are aimed at influencing food-related policy, promote healthy eating and physical activity, and encourage community engagement in activities for better health. Not as many health services are as user-friendly or culturally appropriate for Indigenous people as they are for non-Indigenous people, adding to higher levels of disadvantage and a greater reluctance to utilise these services. Sometimes this is because more Indigenous people live in remote locations and not all health services are offered outside of major centres. Specific issues such as reducing the incidence of chronic disease requires a significantly greater effort in coordinating collective strengths, creating and delivering preventative programs and primary health care for Indigenous communities and while great work is being done, more efforts are required to reduce the high incidence of chronic disease on Indigenous people and communities. When designing and developing services to meet the needs of our Indigenous people, close collaboration and consultation with the people for whom the service will be provided is vital. There is also much evidence suggesting that Indigenous women are over-represented in our hospitals and health clinics as victims of domestic and family violence. There is no clear measure of the extent to which Indigenous family violence is under-reported, but it is expected to be higher than for the general population (Cripps 2008; Cunneen 2009). In a report to the Australian Government about Indigenous violence, it was suggested that ‘priority should be placed on implementing anti-violence programs, rather than on further quantitative research’. The key risk factors for Indigenous family violence relate to; social stressors; living in a remote community; levels of individual, family and community dysfunction; availability of resources; age; removal from family; disability; financial difficulties and substance use. Indigenous Australians make up 2. 6% of Australia’s population; however they experience health and social problems resulting from alcohol use at a rate disproportionate to non-Indigenous Australians. It is estimated that chronic disease associated with alcohol use by Indigenous Australians is almost double to that of mainstream Australia. In 2003, alcohol accounted for 6. 2% of the overall incidence of disease among Indigenous Australians. According to available evidence, the use of volatile substances, especially petrol sniffing among the Indigenous population is much higher that of the non-Indigenous population. The use of volatile substances has major impacts on Indigenous people, families, communities and the wider Australian community. What resources are needed and required to address the issues and explain how you see that these resources be best distributed. What projects need to be done? What makes health services more accessible for Indigenous people? ? Having more Indigenous Health Workers on staff; ? Increasing the number of Indigenous people working in the health sector (Aboriginal, health workers, social workers, doctors, dentists, nurses, etc); ? Designing more health promotion campaigns aimed specifically at Indigenous people; ? Better training of non-Indigenous staff to be more sensitive to the needs of Indigenous patients and to improve cultural awareness; ? Making important health services available in remote locations (so Indigenous people do not have to travel to major centres, away from their support networks and the security of their own community); and ? Funding health services so they are affordable for Indigenous people who might otherwise not be able to afford them. As a result of our history and because of the continuing disadvantage, our people have needs that differ from those of mainstream Australians. Therefore, it is also imperative that we acknowledge and respect the impact of events and issues in Indigenous people’s history when designing and delivering these services. The social determinants of health include if a person is; working, feels safe in their community without discrimination, has a good education, has enough money, and feels connected to friends and family. Social determinants that are particularly important to many Indigenous people are; their connection to land, a historical past that took people from their traditional lands and away from their families. If a person feels safe, has a job that earns enough money, and feels connected to their family and friends, they will generally be healthier. Indigenous people are generally worse off than non-Indigenous people when it comes to the social determinants of health. Additionally, it is important to develop policy and practice to address substance use among Indigenous people. Programs addressing alcohol and volatile substance use should be operated in combination with a range of general programs aimed at ‘closing the gap’ between Indigenous people and other Australians in the areas of education, employment, income and housing. What strategies can be put into place to a. vercome access, equity, disadvantaged issues and; b. to make services culturally safe? A strengths-based approach involves working from a community’s collective strengths to assist them to address their challenges. Bringing together different people with specific skills to collectively address issues, communities can provide local solutions issues specific to their local area. This approach includes the practice of using culturally appropriat e and consultative strategies, however, strengths-based approaches also focus on maximising the strengths of contributors. By doing so, the targeted interventions are more likely to realise long-term change because they empower our communities to provide practical solutions that are appropriate for them (Haswell-Elkins et al. 2009; Leigh 2008). Australia has committed to developing strategies to address the causes of Indigenous disadvantage and six key areas have been identified as targets to reducing the divide between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. These targets are to improve life expectancy within a generation; to halve the mortality rates for Indigenous children under five within a decade; to nsure all Indigenous four year olds in remote communities have access to early childhood education within five years; to improve reading, writing and numeracy achievements for Indigenous children within a decade; to improve the number of Indigenous students in year 12 attainment or equivalent; and to improve employment outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians within a decade. A sub stantial amount has been invested in improving Indigenous health outcomes and the way the Australian health care system prevents treats and manages the chronic diseases that shorten so many Indigenous Australians’ lives. The aim is to reduce the risk factors for chronic disease in the community such as smoking, alcohol and substance abuse, improve chronic disease management and follow up through our health services, and increase the capacity of our acute care workforce to deliver effective care to Indigenous people with chronic disease. How can we advocate for anti-racism policies? Although many other Australian minority groups have been reported to be experiencing racism in our country, the experiences of racism are most protracted among our own Indigenous people. Racist attitudes toward Indigenous people may be viewed as having two dominant waves; the first wave was predominant during the first 170 years following the arrival of the First Fleet, and the second was in the post-referendum era, which led to changes in Australia’s constitution that formally recognised Indigenous people as part of the Commonwealth of Australia. The belief in superiority based on skin colour was justified by the framing of Indigenous Australians as inferior humans. These politically entrenched attitudes justified dispossession of Indigenous people from their homelands. Dispossession resulted in reluctance by mainstream Australia to acknowledge land rights, loss of spiritual values, disrupted law, and disconnection from land, community, family and cultural values. Most policies were backed by legal provisions instituted by Australian state governments. For example in Queensland, laws enacted treated Indigenous people like prisoners, with little freedom of choice. They were required to work without pay and prevented from undertaking traditional cultural practices. These policies created a sense of powerlessness, hopelessness, stress and related illness. Today, there remains no ‘quick fix’ solution to changing the levels of disadvantage that have been generations in the making. To move forward we must learn from the past and build through good practice and recognising that there are successful public, private and community sector programs and initiatives that have made substantial progress. Addressing disadvantage places responsibilities on those providing support and assistance and on those receiving it. For those who provide support there is a duty to those being assisted; for example, it means service providers should: work together with local Indigenous people and their communities; recognise and acknowledge our history and the consequences of past policy and practice; and empower local Indigenous communities to help themselves. For the communities being assisted, there is a responsibility to help ourselves as best as we can, this might mean looking for information on available services, assisting service providers to improve delivery outcomes, and recognising and addressing personal barriers to improvement. Some Indigenous communities have identified that taking responsibility in education and employment is an important part of the way forward. In other communities, the importance of individual and family commitment to a healthy lifestyle has been identified. Meeting these targets will also require our own people to take responsibility for implementing some lifestyle changes if the problems of obesity, diabetes and substance abuse are to be improved. Local, Territory, State and Federal governments and peak Aboriginal bodies have collective social responsibilities to Indigenous people as their constituents. Governments are responsible for ensuring that citizens have access to the resources and the opportunities needed to take their place in our society. Governments have the responsibility to ensure programs and services do not produce welfare dependency or other unintended consequences. Finally, Australian governments have responsibilities under the international treaties that Australia has entered into. References Review of volatile substance use among Indigenous people. d’Abbs P, Maclean S (2008) Volatile substance misuse: a review of interventions. Barton, ACT: Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing www. healthinfonet. ecu. edu. au Supporting the Yolngu Life: Yolngu Walngakum. Building healthy Communities www. menzies. edu. au Dunn KM, Klocker N, Salabay T (2007) Contemporary racism and Islamaphobia in Australia: racializing religion. Ethnicities; 7: 564-589 Angelico T (1993) Wellness and contemporary Australian racism. In: Collins J, ed. Contemporary racism in Australia, Canada and New Zealand: volume 2. Sydney: University of Technology: 237-258 Lewis W, Balderstone S, Bowan J (2009) Events that shaped Australia. Sydney: New Holland Publishers Trudgen R (2000) Why warriors lie down and die: towards an understanding of why the Aboriginal people of Arnhem Land face the greatest crisis in health and education since European contact: djambatj mala. Darwin: Aboriginal Resource and Development Services Inc. Howitt R, McCracken K, Curson P (2005) Australian Indigenous health: what issues contribute to a national crisis and scandal?. Geodate; 18(1): 8-15 How to cite Indigenous Disadvantage, Essay examples

Capability Development

Question: Discuss about the Effect on Capability Development through Discipline of Consultancy. Answer: Introduction With the growth of competition, organizations are always trying to find innovation strategies so that they can sustain the brand value and reputation in the industry (Rockart and Dutt 2015). Often most of the organizations fail to evaluate the core organizational capabilities and therefore they fail to ensure balance between stakeholders expectation. One such reason is effective data analytics and market research. This has resulted in raising the requirement bar of capability development from executive consultant. This report will develop the executive consultant requirement for capability development and will also highlight the interrelationship between the two factors for organizational value creation. Aim of Report The aim of this report is to identify the effect on capability development through discipline of consultancy. Objectives of Report: Following are the report objectives To evaluate capability development and discipline of consultancy To reflect on the relevancy between capability development and executive consultant service To identify the impact on value creation by effective capability development Capability Development Capability development places extreme importance on employees and their capacities. It focuses on the capabilities of the employees to perform at high level adjust with the rapidly changing work context and environment. Developing knowledge co-creation and skills of the employees is one of the important aspects of the capability development. According to Brandon-Jones, Knoppen and Van Raaij (2014), creation of capability is all about shifting from segmented actions to holistic action, which is more purposeful and meaningful. Being capable of applying differentiated skills, the employees can bring innovation in organization. On the other hand, Rahmandad (2012) opined that capability development focuses on development of team and individuals through strategic activities. The intension behind capability development is to meet business challenge, business goals and creating capacities for adjusting with organizational change. Competency defines acquisition of skills, attributes and knowl edge, whereas capability defines the ability of the employees to apply those skills, attributes and knowledge in the organizational context. Moreover, professional development aspect of capability development centers at formal learning activities towards enhancing employees skills. Model for Capability Development One of the most important models of capability development is Holistic Model. According to Lupton and Beamish (2016), holistic model supports the work team towards responding quickly, innovatively and effectively to the changing business environment and consumer needs. The life based learning philosophy defines the skills, attributes and knowledge of the employees cannot only be acquired in the workplace. These factors are also highly dependent on external work environment in which they reside. Outside environment of employees may define the potential activities, which they may do at their work. On the other hand, McGrath and O'Toole (2014) opined that shared commitment and understanding in the work culture outlines organizational values towards framing capability level of the employees. While the organization will have supportive mentor for employees, they will be able to demonstrate their innovative approach and confidence in their work areas. Jiang, Malik and Guo (2015) opined that organization must have effective guiding principles for framing the capability development strategy. Therefore, an effective leader is highly required for identifying business issues and requirements. Based on those business requirements, the leaders would guide the employees for enhancing their capabilities. Moreover, organizational should adopt range of learning strategies in terms of on the job and off the job training towards skill development of the employees. Figure 1: Holistic Model of Capability Development (Source: Apsc.gov.au 2016) Important of Business Consultancy in Organization It is quite common assumption that consultant service is only needed for larger organizations. However, Business consultancy firm can improve the business performance of organizations of all sizes. The experts of business consultancy provides high quality and well informed advice on the business topics like commerce and empowering employees towards achieving maximum potential. According to (Onal Vural, Dahlander and George 2013), some catalyst like emerging IT innovation, declining market share, tightening environmental policies dramatically change the commercial landscape. In such situation, business consultancy provides effective advice on the matters of organizational Governance. They mostly provide suggestions regarding acquiring new tools and overseeing work force development. On the other hand, Schweitzer (2014) opined that opined that true success of organization could not come only through instinct, gut reaction and luck. Organization success is highly reliant on realistic ap proach in the context of external business environment. In such situation, business consultancy offers realistic analysis, careful calculations and practical strategic development in the context of external business environment. Therefore, organizations can take most realistic approach towards confronting business challenge and gain long-term success in every business aspect. According to Hansen and Alewell (2013), the diagnostics of business consultancy act as professional leaders for overall organizational success. They analyze the specific organizational issues and business gaps whether it is related to development of human capital or proper allocation of financial resources. The HR diagnostics of the consulting firm identify the lack of skill level in the work group. After identifying gaps, the HR diagnostics provide effective training to the employees for enhancing their skills levels. Therefore, the employees become quite able to adjust with dynamic business environment and follow innovative ideas towards contributing in organizational success. On the other hand, Robert Mitchell and Shepherd (2012) opined that the role model of business consultancy offers deep insight on the business culture by identifying the behavior and emotional intelligence of the employees. They business consultants can create system of reward behavior towards aligning with ch anging organizational culture. The consults also offer effective succession planning for the employees towards initiating an inspiring work culture for the employees. It helps in enhancing productivity level of the employees towards effective organizational success. Relevance of Capability Development with Business Consultancy and Other Topics According to McGrath and OToole (2016), the coaches of business consulting firms offer diverse group of experiences towards organizational growth. They align the learning needs of the employees with the requirement of business. The firms identify the gaps in the learning process of the employees and develop a concrete procedure for future progress. While considering the view of Apsc.gov.au. (2016), it can be found that capability building is the centralized part of organizational performance, which requires systematic learning and development approach guided by consulting firms for value enhancement. On the other hand, Australian Institute of Management (2016) proved that leadership and management framework are building blocks that make an organization capable enough to contribute in forming its benchmarking for effective performance. Furthermore, Joshi (2016) highlighted that capability development through business consultancy helps in encompassing various job roles and outcome thro ugh critical thinking and thereby ensuring organizational sustainability. From the above discussion, it can be said that discipline of consultancy helps in developing organizational knowledge and a positive sense of stakeholder management. It is quite clear that with the growth of competition, an organization may not have the capability to ensure effective market data analysis but with the assistance from business consultants they can ensure innovation and mitigate challenge. Forstner, Kamprath and Rglinger (2014) pointed out that business consultancy acts as the trusted advisor for an organization so that professionalism can be enhanced to ensure positive outcome in future. Finally, it must be said that organization development can be only achieved by effective leadership who will guide the flow of operation in reaching future goals. In such case, executive consultancy proves to be the mentor in forming desired leadership approach and how the managers must act while controlling massive human resource. Therefore, from the discussion it is clear that assist ance about both innovation and internal operation, discipline of consultancy acts as the supporting arm for leading a business towards success. Figure 2: Relevance of Capability Development with Discipline of Business Consultancy (Source: Hu, Lin and Chang 2013) Business Improvement through Business Consultancy and value creation While considering the view of Robert Mitchell and Shepherd (2012), it can be said that value of an organization is only achieved when the purpose to fulfill stakeholders expectation is achieved. Consulting agencies while acting as the mentor or trusted advisor has only one motive, this is to ensure capability development for its client. Value of an organization is dependent on its performance but often the core competencies remain unknown, which is highlighted by business consultancies. With the expense of time and due to organization expansion, most of the organizations fail to keep a balance between its core values and stakeholder management. Such scenarios are quite common in most of the small scale enterprises of Australia. In order to gain revenue, organizations fail to ensure effective balance between employee expectation and client satisfaction resulting to deteriorate value. Such imbalances result in losing organizational reputation. Executive consultancy helps in enhancing the organizational value by setting up strategies through balance scorecard, through which core stakeholders expectation and satisfaction is met. For manufacturing organizations, executive consultancy helps in analyzing the gap between organizations production and market demand and based on that future scope of productivity development is proposed. By following such advices, organizations are able to increase the productivity and thereby ensure balance between its stakeholders, which helps in restoring organizational value. Some of the most important advices that executive consultancies provide for developing capability are provided below: The consultant provides access to competitive business environment report, from which the client organization gets to know about the richness of information that they needs to incorporate for their small business units Client organizations get to know about the deemed to be important points that they need to incorporate so that they becomes sustainable to business List of categories for performance evaluation is designed by the executive consultancy and the survey is done by taking response from top managers within the organization and from the outcome recommendations are designed Based on the confidential information that the client organization will provide, the executive consultant will compare the points with Australian Management Capability Index and finally the most appropriate proceedings will be reported back Executive consultant will generate the most customized report for its client organization where the exploration of learning and development programs will be highlighted, which will further help in boosting management capability The number of consultancy firms in Australia is increasing but the most common points are listed above. From the above points, it can be found that consultancy agencies always try to create customized reports for their client organizations so that the competitiveness does not get hampered. Some of the service oriented organizations in Australia are value oriented rather than hardcore profit earning but for them the consultancy firms try to ensure best quality without the expense of capital endorsement. With whatever be the procedure, consultancy firms try to ensure best quality service and client satisfaction through which organizational value is restored, which further helps in ensuring professionalism. The whole paper has highlighted capability development by discipline of consultancy but some of the negative aspects of such service are pertaining to the degree of customization. The FMCG and IT industry of Australia is rapidly growing at present but against such sectors the target market is extremely common. This has somehow resulted in poor customized business progress report as product diversification and changing government regulation has made limited scope of customization. Most of the consultants are almost providing the same solutions to their clients and therefore competitive advantage is becoming negligible. Conclusion While concluding it can be said that organizations in Australia are extremely competitive but they often fail to gather market information through data analytics and thereby cannot ensure best strategy for sustainable business. In such a scenario, executive consultants help the organizations in setting up the most customized strategic business approach for future. It has been also found that most of the organizations in Australia are successful enough but they need to be ahead of rising competition and for that they need to innovate. Executive consultants help such organizations to gather relevant market statistics and evaluate those against client firms capability. Thus, it can be said that firms capability development can be best decided by professional executive consultants so that value is restored. Reference List Apsc.gov.au. 2016.Building capability: A framework for managing learning and development in the APS - APSC. [online] Available at: https://www.apsc.gov.au/publications-and-media/current-publications/building-capability [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Australian Institute of Management. 2016.Organisational Capability Benchmarking. [online] Available at: https://www.aim.com.au/organisational-capability-benchmarking [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Brandon-Jones, A., Knoppen, D. and Van Raaij, E., 2014, January. Strategic purchasing in dynamic capability development and deployment: A contingency perspective. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2014, No. 1, p. 15165). Academy of Management. Forstner, E., Kamprath, N. and Rglinger, M., 2014. Capability development with process maturity modelsDecision framework and economic analysis.Journal of Decision Systems,23(2), pp.127-150. Hansen, N.K. and Alewell, D., 2013. Employment systems as governance mechanisms of human capital and capability development.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(11), pp.2131-2153. Hu, T.S., Lin, C.Y. and Chang, S.L., 2013. Knowledge intensive business services and client innovation.The Service Industries Journal,33(15-16), pp.1435-1455. Jiang, C.X., Malik, O.R. and Guo, C., 2015, January. What affects lean capability development of emerging market firms? An empirical investigation. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 17330). Academy of Management. Joshi, J. 2016.Managing Capability - New Avatar of LD/HR ? Are we doing it right? - LearningCafe. [online] LearningCafe. Available at: https://learningcafe.com.au/managing-capability-are-we-doing-it-right/ [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Lupton, N.C. and Beamish, P.W., 2016. The mutual construction of knowledge transfer and shared context in capability development within the networked MNC.Knowledge Management Research Practice,14(1), pp.150-157. McGrath, H. and OToole, T., 2016. Using action research and action learning for entrepreneurial network capability development.Action Learning: Research and Practice,13(2), pp.118-138. McGrath, H. and O'Toole, T., 2014. A cross-cultural comparison of the network capability development of entrepreneurial firms.Industrial Marketing Management,43(6), pp.897-910. Onal Vural, M., Dahlander, L. and George, G., 2013. Collaborative benefits and coordination costs: Learning and capability development in science.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,7(2), pp.122-137. Rahmandad, H., 2012. Impact of growth opportunities and competition on firm-level capability development trade-offs.Organization science,23(1), pp.138-154. Robert Mitchell, J. and Shepherd, D.A., 2012. Capability development and decision incongruence in strategic opportunity pursuit.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,6(4), pp.355-381. Rockart, S.F. and Dutt, N., 2015. The rate and potential of capability development trajectories.Strategic Management Journal,36(1), pp.53-75. Schweitzer, J., 2014. Leadership and innovation capability development in strategic alliances.Leadership Organization Development Journal,35(5), pp.442-469.

The benefits of introducing a career development policy an Example of the Topic All Posts by

The benefits of introducing a career development policy In order to succeed in the market, companies need to ensure they provide efficient management of human resources. Companies can perform well only in such a case when all of the employees are able to realize their potential, apply their skills and make sufficient contribution to the development of the company. Career development policies are particularly important for those organizations which want to be successful in the market. However, their application in various companies can be rather controversial. Need essay sample on "The benefits of introducing a career development policy" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed On one hand, career development policies can be very expensive for the company because it has to hire well-known professors or consultants to give additional knowledge to its employees. Only large companies might be able to afford that, while small companies might not have enough resources for such investments. Smaller companies might thus choose to invest in other more certain assets than employees knowledge, in order to achieve the best allocation of their limited resources. However, the investments in employees knowledge can pay off very fast in many cases, and companies should always consider this alternative. By investing into the knowledge and skills of their employees, companies benefit greatly because employees productivity increases rapidly as the result of trainings. Employees become more confident and they are able to introduce many more new ideas, which will eventually bring great benefit to the company. As an example of a company with a well-developed career development policy, it is could be valuable to examine World Bank. This large institution is well-known in the world for its great career development opportunities. The paper seeks to investigate career development policy in World Bank and identify its effectiveness. Building blocks of career development policy is World Bank include the following ones: Career development services are available for all of the permanent employees of the company; Career development services are offered in a wide range of spheres, including 1-week orientation program for any new employee, various kinds of computer courses, language tutoring in all of the languages of the world (in large, middle-size, small groups or private tutoring), courses in communications, economic policy, poverty and a large variety of other subjects dealing with specifics of a particular department of the Bank; Career development based on performance appraisal of employees; Career development based on a particular program according to which the employee got enrolled in the Bank. The Bank annually adopts large budgets for career development of the personnel. According to the opinion of its executive, employees are the most valuable asset of the Bank, and thus their career development is number one priority. Such policy gives advantages both to every individual employee of the Bank and to the organization in general because productivity increases. It is important to mark that every employee who works full-time (or part-time, such as a consultant) at the World Bank is able to sign up for a large number of courses which he would like to take. An employee of the lower level is certainly not able to attend courses which are designed specifically for top-level management, but he is allowed to take any courses in the general list of the Bank. There might be a line for some courses because they are constantly in demand, and an employee will have to wait for a few months to get into the particular class, but he is always welcome to sign up for the class. Orientation program is offered to any new employee in the staff, disregarding the functions which he is going to fulfill. By attending the orientation program, every employee is able to find out about the operations of the Bank, its policies and prospects of the development. Orientation program last the whole week and every employee gets acquainted with the top professionals of the Bank running its departments, and learns everything about the Banks operations. After going through the orientation program, an employee is able to start studying any language he is interested in, and he will be placed in a group with the knowledge level which answers his level. Every employee is able to take computer classes in software which he is not familiar with. Further career development of the employees depends both on their desires and desires of their managers. Employees are free to choose courses according to their own interests, but from time to time they have to take certain courses because their managers consider it necessary, as the result of performance appraisal. Performance appraisal is currently one of the most important issues in human resources management, and World Banks managers devote considerable attention to it when it comes to career development issues. Bernardin Hall, Posner, Maroney Thomas & Bretz (1994) have all devoted considerable attention to the development of theoretical models of performance appraisal. How can a manager of World Banks department make a conclusion about the necessity to promote this or that employee, increase of decrease his salary, shift him to another department? How can the manager decide which employee needs special training or which can perform on the highest level without additional training? The most efficient tool in such a case is performance appraisal. If carried out correctly and on the basis of efficient methods, performance appraisal can be very helpful for the evaluation of employees work. Companies that hope to succeed in today's competitive business environment must learn to identify their most capable employees for placement in key organizational appointments. To do this, managers should devote more attention to maximizing the effectiveness of performance appraisal systems. (Mcbey 1994: 23). On the basis of performance appraisal, World Banks managers usually make decisions about the necessity of certain training for certain employees. Computer skills are crucial for administrative positions; therefore, most of the employees occupying these positions are required take 2-3 day courses on PowerPoint, Lotus Notes, Excel, SAP and other learning programs. As soon as the employees become professional in these software packages, they are able to perform all of the tasks in their workplace much more efficiently. Employees in professional positions are often required to take courses connected with their position (for example, those who participate in projects dealing with economic policy of Nigeria, are often required to take a 1-week course in the basics of economic policy) or with the languages of the department they are working at (such as Chinese language for the Asia and Pacific Department). Managers are usually required to take courses in communications, for example, conflict solving. One of the most popular communications courses for senior level management at World Bank is Art and Science of Strategic Communication. This course is presented by well-known professors from Harvard and Wharton. Lecture notes of the course are prepared not only based on the course contents, but also the projects which the participants have been working on. Therefore, training is slightly different every time a new group of participants takes it. In such a way, the creators of the course do their best to make the learning program as efficient as possible for the participants. The career development tools at World Bank also greatly depend on the type of the assignment which the employee has. There are many ways to obtain a job at the World Bank, and your career development will be greatly influenced by the nature of your entry-point. If you get a job at the Bank as a consultant, you will have a chance to participate in many learning programs, but your career potential might still be a little limited. You will have to wait until you get a more permanent position to use all of the available learning opportunities. If you get a job as an administrative assistant, you might not be able to take advantage of professional learning programs for a long while. If your first job at the Bank is economist, or financial analyst, or communications officer, or any other professional job, you will have unlimited opportunities for career development. For mid-career professionals, the Bank offers a variety of employment contracts, either open-ended or term, based on the business needs of specific units. Searches are undertaken internationally for jobs that require global outlook and experience and for which staff are expected to be globally mobile. Managers also hire locally when their work programs warrant it. (Employment opportunities. Accessed on February 26, 2006 at URL: www.web.worldbank.org). However, it is usually very difficult to get a job like that from the start. The most rewarding entry-level position which one can get is a Young Professional. It opens the best horizons for career development for a young person. Young Professional Program is one of the most challenging programs available at World Bank. It is difficult to get selected in it, but those people who get selected have literally unlimited opportunities. As the World Banks website mentions, The Young Professionals Program (YPP) is a starting point for an exciting career in the World Bank. It is a great leadership opportunity in development, which offers a solid base to distinguish a path and start a career in the World Bank, gives the flexibility to work in different areas of the institution, providing an array of opportunities to learn about development work. The program offers the best opportunities for career development available at the Bank. Even though a Young Professional might not be familiar with operations of the Bank in the first place, all of the extensive training which he gets during two years is enough to make him into the top professional of the Bank. Young Professionals Orientation is specially designed to familiarize YPs with the operations of the World Bank. Training in Finance is an intensive program on the fundamentals of finance. Individual training opportunities are also being offered. YPs participate in training activities organized within the World Bank as well as external seminars. (Employment opportunities. Accessed on February 26, 2006 at URL: www.web.worldbank.org). Young Professionals are considered such valuable assets for the Bank that they get trained in every possible sphere of the Banks operations for them to determine what the best position for them at the Bank is. Young Professionals program has a very large budget because Young Professionals are even required to travel on various missions in order to get exposed to work in other countries during their rotation program. Grass Roots Immersion Program enables YPs with limited exposure to poverty participate in an immersion program so they can learn from the experience. Young Professionals Discussions provide YPs with a better understanding of the policies, procedures, and business culture so they can better integrate into the institution. Opportunities similar to Young Professionals Program are being offered by The Junior Professionals Program for Afro-Descendants (JPPAD). It provides young and motivated individuals with practical, on-the-job experience and training in a global development environment, while giving the Bank an opportunity to benefit from the knowledge, talent and diversity that they can bring to the institution.People enrolled in this program also get a chance to obtain training in all of the aspects of the Banks activity in order to determine the most suitable positions for them at the Bank. As a conclusion, it is important to mark that career development policy at the World Bank is very beneficial both for every particular employee and for the Bank in general. As long as the Bank allows all of the employees to participate in various kinds of learning programs, the managers can be sure that employees will stay with the Bank. Employees at the World Bank have a saying that nobody ever leaves the Bank after starting to work in it. Even if somebody leaves, he will be back very fast because he will not be able to find better opportunities elsewhere. Career development policies offered by the World Bank make every employee feel like an important part of the organization, and employees loyalty to the Bank is unlimited. The policy which the Bank has chosen is very efficient. It is the most favorable for employees enrolled as Young Professionals or mid-career professionals because they have the most opportunities for learning, but other employees of the Bank also have great oppor tunities for learning during their careers. Bibliography Bernardin, J. H., & Klatt, L. A. (1985). Managerial Appraisal systems: Has practice caught up to the state of the art? Personnel Administrator, November, 79-82, 84-86. Canada Benjamin O. A Strategic View of Recruitment. School Administrator. Volume: 58. Issue: 1. January 2001. Coens Tom, Jenkins Mary (2001), Focusing on Performance. Security Management. Volume: 45. Issue: 8. August 2001. Hall, J. L., Posner, B. Z., Hardner, J. W. (1989). Performance appraisal systems: Matching practice with theory. Group and Organization Studies, 14(1), 51-69. Hornsby Jeffrey S., Shirmeyer Roslyn, Smith Brien N. (1996). Current Trends in Performance Appraisal: An Examination of Managerial Practice. SAM Advanced Management Journal. Volume: 61. Issue: 3. Maroney, B. P., Buckley, M. R. (1992). Does research in performance appraisal influence the practice of performance appraisal? Regretfully not? Public Personnel Management, 21(2), 185-196. Mcbey Kenneth (1994). Perfecting Performance Appraisals. Security Management. Volume: 38. Issue: 11. November 1994. Thomas, S. L., & Bretz, R. D. (1994). Research and practice in performance appraisal: Evaluating employee performance in America's largest companies. SAM Advanced Management Journal, 59(2), 28-34.

Changes represented in Sky High

Changes represented in Sky High Sky HighSky High is an incredible piece of writing, and after dissecting each metaphor and sieving through the many similes, I have come to the conclusion that Sky High highlights the very essence of change - that at some stage in life, you must yield to it. As Hannah showed, changes are bound to happen, and can often alter the world you live in to such an extent that childhood and adulthood seem centuries apart.The main change Hannah discusses is the coming of age. In the first paragraph, she is an older person, reflecting on memories of her childhood. She slowly paints the picture of her memory, bit by bit, filling in tiny details to give us an appreciation for how the child's mind works, and how it sees things in a different light. She reflects on the washing line that was, as a child, her favourite object to climb.English: A typical day Aviary Place, , Leeds. Clea...To some extent, I believe that the washing line represents the girl's life, and she demonstrates how she once felt about life before she changed. This is further examined in the second, fifth and sixth paragraphs of the story.Hannah includes the use of metaphors and personification in her first paragraph. In the last line, she refers to the clothes hanging on the line as 'coloured flags in a secret code.' In the last paragraph, where she is an adult once again, she refers to the clothes as having 'semaphore secrets,' indicating that her mind is older, and her way of thinking has changed because she is now able to process her thoughts more intelligibly.In the second paragraph, the composer is still writing in the first person, although she is now writing as though she is a child once more. Reference is made to her smooth hands,

Economic or Gender Concerns During the Interwar Period Essay

Economic or Gender Concerns During the Interwar Period - Essay Example Some societies made an objective of addressing their economy during the interwar period whereby they emphasized on leisure to help improve their economy status. They would change employment patterns and working hours so that they can facilitate the growth of leisure time. According to Joseph Starlin, â€Å"in our country, in the U.S.S.R the workers have long forgotten unemployment. Some three years ago we had about one and a half million unemployed. It is already two years now since unemployment has been completely abolished. Look at the capitalist countries; what horrors are taking place there as a result of unemployment!†According to Mustapha Kemal â€Å"Youth undoubtedly considers the republic a gift presented by your genius and decisiveness to Turkishness more valuable than life itself In its defense, no sacrifice is too great It will be jealously guarded against nothing to existence from the darkness into the light, at the call to follow the path of deliverance we are an d shall eternally be, with laws written with our blood, the guardians of freedom and the future†In eugenicssociety, in the year 1921, there was an attempt to criminalize lesbianism. For the matrimonial causes, Act of 1923 made adultery the sole ground of divorce for either of the spouse.Additionally, further grounds were added in the year 1937 comprising of a wife’s right to divorce her husband for a case of rape.In this society of Eugenics, a person named Marie Stopes came up with a birth control clinic.

The overriding concerns that caused delays and cost escalation in the Essay

The overriding concerns that caused delays and cost escalation in the construction of the tunnel link between England and France - Essay Example The main purpose of the research is to present that the twentieth century witnessed developments on many fronts at the same time including construction. A number of hallmark projects were commissioned in the twentieth century such as New York’s Empire State Building and others that served to boost mankind’s confidence in taking on large projects. A large number of mega projects spanned progress in the twentieth century but taking on and executing these projects represented large challenges. The early parts of the twentieth century saw randomised approaches to project management in order to deal with large projects. However, as time proceeded and human experience increased in dealing with large projects, the approach to such projects became more and more structured. A large amount of advancement has occurred on the fronts of project management although there is still much ground to be covered. Initially project management was largely restricted to dealing with the techni cal aspects of projects especially the larger projects. In time it was found that project management needed to deal with other aspects of projects such as financing, scheduling, quality initiatives and others. Development on these fronts has been steady and has resulted from learning from various mega projects. The unique nature of mega projects means that the same ideas are not equally applicable to different projects even though they may hold similar grounds. One project that sparked the imaginations of mankind was the Channel Tunnel project that was initiated to build a fixed link between England and France. Historically the English Channel has represented a major obstacle to crossing over into United Kingdom. In order to deal with this challenge some kind of a system was required that could facilitate the movement of goods and people between both nations. This project was all the more critical for England because it did not have a direct link to mainland Europe. Such a link was necessary to ensure trade and commerce between England and mainland Europe. Prior to the tunnel’s opening, the only modes of transport available included ferries and airplanes. Both modes of transport were not only expensive but were at times dictated by weather over the English Channel making crossing or flying difficult. Early ideas to deal with this challenge included large iron bridges with spans of many kilometres. However, the technical challenges facing the creation of such spans and bridges were large and rather insurmountable. Constant tries on the British and French sides finally saw the emergence of a tunnel system beneath the English Channel that could finally connect both countries with ease. The movement from mere ideas to a practical working system represented one of the largest challenges undertaken by mankind. The creation of the Channel Tunnel was confronted by myriad challenges such as costing, planning, execution, finance, teamwork, quality, safety and sch eduling amongst others. When the project was finally completed, it was found that the project was delayed as well as overpriced when compared to original estimates. This paper analyses the overriding concerns that caused delays and cost escalation in the construction of the tunnel link between England and France. 3. Problems 3.1. Pre-Planning The creation of such a gargantuan tunnel system to accommodate trains and shuttle services required taking over challenges on many fronts. The primary challenge to initiate the Channel Tunnel project was garnering the right kind of political will to create this project. The political will garnered to initiate the C

What Is Home Depot Commerce Essay

What Is Home Depot Commerce Essay Home Depot is the largest home center chain operating in 2,244 stores throughout the U.S., Mexico, Canada, and  China. Home Depot is considered to be the largest retailer of home improved goods, construction  products and services in the world. It  was founded by Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank in Atlanta in 1979. The Home Depots proposition was to build home-improvement  warehouses, larger than any of their competitors facilities. The store inventory consists of about 40,000 different kinds of building materials, home improvement supplies, appliances and lawn and garden products for the needs of various projects. The Home Depot stores are always equipped with goods that are confined to a small area to match that areas specific market needs. www.homedepot.com is ranked on position 418 within .com and has 5,399 back links. The Site was launched at Tuesday, 04 August 1992. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE BUSINESS MODEL Homedepot.com follows the B2C i.e. Business to consumer model. In B2C transactions, online transactions are made between businesses and individual consumers. B2C E-Commerce involves electronic retailing or e-tailing. At homedepot.com customers can browse catalogs when they want, place an order and the product of service will be delivered directly to them.  It is an online version of the store where customers can shop any hour of day and night without leaving their home and office. The revenue model followed by homedepot.com is sales of goods. Within the e-tailer the type of model used by homedepot.com is Clicks and bricks. It is a business strategy or  business model  in  e-commerce  by which homedepot attempts to integrate both online and physical presences. This model makes it far easier for a homedepot.com to establish an online presence than it is for a start-up company to employ a successful pure dot.com strategy. By using this model homedepot developed certain advantages, such as: Leveraging their  core competency. Multiplying existing  supplier networks distribution channels. A lower cost of capital. THE MARKETPLACE The Home Depot has more than 1950 places across the United States, China, Canada and Mexico.  Home depot stores have an average area of about 105,000 square feet and around 23,000 square feet of area outside of greenery. Inventory consists of different kinds of building materials, home improvement supplies, appliances and lawn and garden products for all of your project needs. The Home Depots retail stores offer skilled customers, like person who can repair and remodel particular services. Through committed service provider desks in more than 1,900 stores, skilled customers have right to use the loyalty programs, a pro bid room to handle large customer orders with volume discounts, directship programs, credit programs and other specialty sales initiatives. Home Depot operates under four different business segments: MARKET STRATEGY The strategic factors that helped in the growth and popularity of home depot are related to quality of product, its price, advertising for the products, store capacity, competitors, and customers independency and happiness. Good quality products are offered by Home Depot like garden supplies, lawn installation services home improvement products, for these products are offered too. Home Depot introduced a trial product store format that presented approx. 32,000 more square feet of selling area, due to which the selection of products and services broadened, also it provided with a more appropriate layout than the long-established stores. Collection of complementary product categories via stores that were designed based on a design centre, which facilitated Home Depot in storing more than 40k products in a year. New stores were brought closer to existing ones by Home Depot via a clustering strategy. An advantage was created by following this strategy via increasing the blockage of entry to competitors reducing rush in the current stores. This strategy also permitted the organisation to enlarge its advertising distribution expenses along a greater store area. Customer Cultivation is regarded as one of the prime strategies implemented by Home Depot. It is the consequence of the prerequisite of elevated qualified and in-store clinics, supportive, professional clinics and employees. An additional approach is centering on widespread announcement. Two years ago, Home Depot spent 895 million dollars on advertisements which accounts for 9.5 % more than its 2007 spending of 817 million dollars. Widespread advertisements provided Home Depot with a personal potential not in favor of remaining companies in the same industry. CUSTOMER VALUE PROPOSITION Customer value proposition  consists of the sum total of benefits which the firm   promises a  customer  will receive in return for the customers associated payment. Customer value proposition is specifically targeted to attract new potential customers instead of employees, partners or supplies.  It is a statement that is designed to convince customers that one particular product or service will add more value or better solve a problem than others in its competitive set. home depot provides a broad selection of quality products and services. Home Depot has the widest range of products, which are rated below rival market. They hire trades professionals so that the customer gets expert advice. Because of the technical support and better customer service the store has shown results which are unmatched in the business. As it is said, it is the good incident that brings the customer once more and its the word of mouth that brings other new customers, hence, customer satisfaction is one of the most important policy followed by company. Home depot selects very customer friendly oriented people. To improve the customer experience following steps is taken up by the company: Stores are getting modernize so that the perception of home depot is improved before the customer. In order to improve the customer service, a 24 hour hotline is being introduced. In order to improve customer service at Home Depot stores a new employee incentive program has been developed. REVENUE MODEL Estimated 20,068,000 visits over last 30 days. This Google Page Rank 7/10 website has a Traffic Estimate rank of 288.   homedepot.com is worth  $3,759,165. This makes homedepot.com the  93  most valuable site on Stimator.com. Home Depots first quarter  in 2010 is $725 million, up from $514 million a year earlier. Net sales  for the period  increased 4.3%  to $16.9 billion. Similar store sales increased 4.8%  company-wide for the period. COMPETITORS In the home improvement industry the main competitor of home depot  is  Lowes Companies (LOW). Home Depot leads in terms of sales revenue which is $66.2 billion and that of Lowes is $47.2 billion. Other competitors of home depot are Home Improvement Stores, Sears, Menard Inc., True Value Company.   Home Depot also faces competition from smaller independent stores. Builders First Source (BLDR), a company that manufactures structural and related building products for new construction. The advantage which Home Depot has against the smaller competitors is that in case of an economic downfall, it will be prevailing and thus taking back the old customers which were attracted to these small competitors earlier. C:UserscompaqDesktopmenard.jpg C:UserscompaqDesktoplowes.jpg COMPARITIVE ADVANTAGE Home Depot is financially better placed than Sears and Lowes. Home Depot maintains its strong price positioning and improves customer service and product quality.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because of this reason home depot enjoys a competitive edge over Sears and lowes. The second competitive advantage for home depot is Menards products are perceived to be lower in quality than those of Home Depot even when the price for both are similar.  Ã‚  For the Quality of the products that it carries, Menards should not want to increase the price of its products. Another property that gives homedepot the competitive edge is differentiation. Home Depot has product differentiation as well as image differentiation. This provides a competitive edge over both Lowes and Sears. The Home Depot has essentially identified its two main market segments: The do-it-yourself (DIY) home improvement consumer and The professional business customer. CONCLUSION We have seen that how a b2c site (homedepot.com) operates. What is the business model behind the operation of home depot? It has helped customer to do shopping for the desired product by sitting at home/office and making payment on delivery by credit/debit card. The home depot is the market leader in the segment of home improvement retailing, much ahead of its competitors. The main reason of its competitive advantage is good quality, lowest prices and customer satisfaction. APPENDIX TABLE 1 DIRECT COMPETITOR COMPARISON homedepot Low PVT1 PVT2 Industry Market Cap: 47.47B 30.17B N/A N/A 30.17B Employees: 193,370 166,000 40,3001 3,0002 166.00K Quarterly Rev Growth 4.30% 4.70% N/A N/A 2.90% Revenue 66.86B 47.78B 7.90B1 2.01B2 47.78B Gross Margin 33.75% 34.80% N/A N/A 34.80% EBITDA 6.73B 4.98B N/A N/A 4.98B Operating Margin 7.38% 6.81% N/A N/A 7.47% Net Income 2.83B 1.78B N/A 64.20M2 N/A LOW  = Lowes Companies Inc. Pvt1  =  Menard, Inc.  (privately held) Pvt2  =  True Value Company  (privately held) Industry  = Home Improvement Stores 1  =  As of 2009  Ã‚  2  =  As of 2008  Ã‚   TABLE 2: Comparison of Major Warehouse Format Home Centers Store Attributes Attribute/Company HomeDepot HechingerHQ Builders SquareHomebase Store Count 174 30 144 73 Square Feet/Unit(000) 94 86 84 113 Sales/Square Foot $348.00 $224.00 $171.80 $169.90 FIG1 DAILY TRAFFIC TREND FOR homedepot.com FIG2 UNIQUE VISITORS FOR homedepot.com

Ejlert Lovborg and Hedda Gabler direction and casting

Briefly outline your casting ideas for the roles of Hedda and Ejlert Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg and then explain how you would direct your actors, in the scenes in which they appear together, in order to reveal their complex feelings for one another. As a director I would direct this play to have a naturalistic style. The play should be as though the audience were watching a small slice of the lives being lived in the Tesman house. Therefore I would use realistic furnishings. For the role of Hedda Gabler I would cast an actor able to show military inheritance through stature, bearing and voice. Hedda would have perfect, aristocratic posture, an air of arrogance and power, and a strong, manipulating voice. As written in the stage directions, the actor would be a â€Å"lady of 29† or thereabouts. She would be tall and slim; have â€Å"steel grey† eyes, and â€Å"medium brown† hair, â€Å"not particularly ample,† which would be put up in a loose bun. Hedda would wear dark coloured satin dresses. She would speak with a slow pace and leave pauses, so as to keep the other characters waiting on her words. Her wit would be dry. The actor who would play Ejlert Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg would be 33 years old. He would be quite slim, with short dark hair, bright green eyes, and a short beard. He would be dressed in a dark, fitting, three piece suit, â€Å"quite new,† with a matching top hat. He would be pale, with definitive cheekbones. He would have fast paced delivery of lines and a low pitch. His most prized possession would be the manuscript for his new book, which is his ‘child' with Thea Elvsted. As a rehearsal process I would ask the actors to write down their previous relationship before the actual written play starts. I would ask them to improvise scenes which are linked with there previous lives. For example when Hedda was about to shoot Ejlert when they were younger. I would also ask the actors to write their biography for their characters. During Act two where Hedda and Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg first meet in the play, Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg â€Å"seems a little embarrassed.† I would direct the actor playing Hedda to show her boredom with Brack and Tesman just before Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg enters. When Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg comes in, Hedda's change in mood would be sudden, her eyes would light up and her body language would show excitement. Hedda would be stimulated by the situation unfolding before her. When Thea arrives she will be able to play. As Hedda takes the album from the desk, I would direct the actor to not look at Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg but at Brack and Tesman. As she sits Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg would move closer and take a seat next to her, â€Å"not once† taking â€Å"his eyes off her.† Then whispering to her, â€Å"Hedda†¦Gabler.† His expression would show that he is still in love with her. As Hedda's next line, â€Å"Now! Sh!† would be said with a smile, she's happy she still has a hold ov er him and she can manipulate him. We see how Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg is still infatuated with her as he is disgusted with Hedda that she has thrown herself â€Å"away like that.† He also calls her â€Å"dearest Hedda† and â€Å"darling Hedda,† the actor would show how he wishes the best for her, and his desire to be loved by Hedda. When Mrs. Elvsted enters Hedda will be happy as she is now able to see how her actions will affect people's lives. Although she doesn't quite expect Mrs. Elvsted and Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg to be as close. â€Å"He says I've inspired him, too,† Hedda's reaction to this line would be envy, she wanted to be the inspiration, she wanted to be at the heart of something exciting, instead she is bored all day. When Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg declines the punch, he would look to Mrs. Elvsted with an expression of enthusiasm, Hedda would just look straight on at him with a false expression of admiration. Then Hedda smoothly changes tactic by adding that he must drink â€Å"because of other people.† As Mrs. Elvsted realises that Hedda is beginning to win the fight, the changes in status and moods between the characters would gain momentum. After Hedda says that Mrs. Elvsted came around in â€Å"a state of desperation,† She would calm herself and relax back into the chair, whilst smiling between Mrs. Elvsted and Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg, and nod at Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg next line. â€Å"Desperation,† Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg would sit bolt up looking between Hedda and Mrs. Elvsted with a questioning look. The sudden turn in the situation would give Hedda joy, and fuel her to go on, â€Å"Your going to a party,† she has again found how to control Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg. In the final part of Act three, Hedda and Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg say goodbye for the last time. Just as Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg is â€Å"about to leave,† Hedda reaches her hand out in his direction and says, â€Å"No! Wait!† She moves across to the desk, and begins unlocking the pistol case as she says her following line. He stands there, motionless watching her, hoping she has the answer to all that is wrong, a look of hope in him. As she turns from the desk Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg is slightly disappointed that Hedda is carrying a pistol, she hands it to him slowly as she says, â€Å"do you recognise it?† He takes a slightly angry tone as he remarks that Hedda â€Å"should have used it† before. Hedda clasps her hands around his during the line â€Å"well†¦! You use it now,† showing a small but significant sign of affection for Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg. When he leaves she would move slowly over to the stove momentarily stopping to retrieve the manuscript. The pull ing up a chair she would begin to burn the manuscript, page by page, ripping each one with an audible tear. Saying her lines slowly with a sneer. During her time with Là ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½vborg, we see that Hedda Gabler can show affection for others, and we also see her most manipulative side. The softly spoken â€Å"vine leaves† image shows how Hedda controls others to gain the perfect circumstances for her dull life, these ideals of love give her happiness. When her ideals are not met, then her attitude changes and the characters are put into place until she is happy with what is happening around her.

Violence in TV and society

How the nature and frequency of violence in television programs and movies effects socializing and being socialized. â€Å"Sociology offers a perspective, a view of the world. The sociological perspective opens a window onto unfamiliar worlds†and offers a fresh look at familiar ones (Henslin3). † With socialization being such a huge part of our daily lives, it is important that we get the right socialization. Today much of our youth's socialization skills are being obtained from mass media sources, and in particular social networking and television.A single glance at a children's television show gives you only a slight limpse of the violence portrayed in todays children TV shows. As Americans we are exposed to violence on a daily basis. Just turning on the TV we are bombarded with news of violent acts, and violent TV shows or movies. This has changed violence into a symbol of despair, and a solution to most situations. Thus changing our perspective of symbolic interactio nism, and its relationship to becoming socialized negatively. The symbolism of violence has been altered, desensitizing us to violent acts.Dave Grossman argues that this is something that has long been used in the ilitary to train soldiers to perform their duty, however these same techniques have been used unintentionally on the general population which more drastic effects. Because this desensitization is taking place during childhood rather then in late teens and early twenties, the social constraints that are normally emplace to prevent people from acting out such as norms and sanctions have not been instilled the same way they would be in a 18 or 19 year old. The results have been a drastic increase in violence.Television is by far the medium of mass media socialization. Children watch an average of 3 to 4 hours of television a day (AACAP). It has a huge effect on young children. Children are watching people interact, but are not actually interacting. Time that should be spent o utside interacting with other children has been replaced with televisions, which dramatically reduces children's social sills. Television satisfies social needs to some extent but does not give real life social skills that can be used. Along with decreased social skills, children are becoming socialized the wrong way.The majority of children perceive things on television as real. â€Å"When young children see somebody shot, stabbed, raped, brutalized, degraded, r murdered on TV, to them it is as though it were actually happening. To have a child of three, four, or five watch a â€Å"splatter† movie, learning to relate to a character for the first 90 minutes and then in the last 30 minutes watch helplessly as that new friend is hunted and brutally murdered is the moral and psychological equivalent of introducing your child to a friend, letting her play with that friend, and then butchering that friend in front of your child's eyes.And this happens to our children hundreds upo n hundreds of times. † (Grossman) Is this the way we really want our kids to become socialized? To answer this question we must dig deeper, and discover what it really means to become socialized. As stated by our book, â€Å"Socialization makes us human† When we are born, we do not know what it means to be human. We do not nave any ideas. We do not know now to speak, or now to act . We must learn now to do all these things, and only then, do we develop a self.With socialization being such a huge part of becoming† human† it is essential to get the right kind of socialization, which includes Symbolic interactionism. (Henslin) The symbolic interactionism perspective of sociology views society as a product of everyday social nteractions of individuals. Symbolic interactionists also study how people use symbols to create meaning. In studying violence, these theorists look at how people in everyday situations define violence, which differs between cultures and set tings. (Spark notes) In the US particularly violence has become part of the norm.Most children start out watching kid friendly and educational programs, and around the ages of three or four start watching shows like Tom and Jerry and Loony toons. Although these shows are somewhat kid friendly they still portray violence as acceptable. Violence is portrayed to be comedic. Thus desensitizing kids to violence in an indirect way. As children grow older, parental controls grow loser, allowing children to watch more violent, and adult rated TV shows, and movies. The exposure to violence at such a young age alters values, and norms.Children begin to perceive violence as normal, and as a solution to everything. Children's shows like Ben10, Looney Toons, and Power rangers portray † the good guys† trying to save the word, by taking drastic and most likely violent measures. The â€Å"cool† factor of these shows is actually kids becoming more and more desensitized to violence . Although these shows have not been proven to turn a normal child into a deviant. â€Å"Hundreds of studies of the effects of TV violence on children and teenagers have found that children may become â€Å"immune† or numb to the horror of violence.They may gradually accept violence as a way to solve problems, or imitate the violence they observe on television; and identify with certain characters, victims and/or victimizers (Grossman). † Keeping in mind that Socialization is the core of our existence and ability to interact with others, we can gather that excessive violence on TV shows, has huge negative impact on children's socialization skills, and most importantly that it affects the symbolic interactionism that takes place in all stages of socialization.